We went to church this this past Sunday at the Carpenter's Shop to play some music and to hear Dr. David Black talk for a little bit about the reliability of the biblical text.
I don't have any pictures here, but you can find them here and here.
Dr. Black, or Dave, as he insists people call him, was both very informative and very entertaining, in the way that only people who have a sound grasp of what they are talking about can be.
His main illustration of the ramifications of sound textual transmission was Matthew 5:22. In the KJV it reads:
Mat 5:22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire
In the ESV, which I read, it says:
Mat 5:22 But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, 'You fool!' will be liable to the hell of fire.
If you'll notice, the phrase "without a cause" is absent from the ESV version. Why is this? The highly simplified answer is that the Greek texts that underlie these two versions of the Bible are different. The Greek text that the KVJ was translated from has the phrase [actually in Greek it is just one word] and the Greek text that the ESV was translated from doesn't. You may ask yourself, "Why is this?"
Well, it turns out, according to Dave, that there are many reasons why this could be so. It could have been a copyists error. Try copying a page from a book, by hand, sometime and see how it turns out. On the other hand, a copyist may have been trying to "improve" the text. Say the original copy had "without a cause". Some copyist looks at that and then considers the ease with which we justify our anger and decides it would be better to just drop that phrase. Or it could have been the other way around. Some copyist looked at the ESV type version and thought that it made Jesus look way too harsh and legalistic and so added the phrase to make Him sound more like the loving and forgiving man who died for us.
In any case, we are left with a bunch of Greek [over 5400 of them!] texts and they all differ from each other. There are, if some sources are to be believed, tens of thousands of copying "errors" between the various Greek texts. Fortunately, people who devote their time to the study of these texts, even those who of the theologically liberal persuasion, tell us that the VAST majority of these "errors" are just misspelled words, doubled words, words used in the wrong context, etc. In other words, they have nothing to do with the integrity of the text. These can easily be seen for what they are and accounted for. They do nothing at all to shake anyone's confidence that we can have as close to the original autographs as can be had.
There are, David said, approximately 2,000 "errors" that are a bit more serious in that there are real differences in the text that change the meaning of the verses or passages they are in. The good news is none of these variations touch or affect at all the core doctrines of Christianity.
I'll be honest with you: I wish those "errors" weren't there. It would sure make everything neat and tidy. But as I faced these issues shortly after Jesus saw fit to save me I realized that our understanding of the Bible is much like our understanding of life. It is rarely cut and dried and it is rarely black and white. We each have choices to make.
The fact of the matter, as David pointed out, is that we do in all likelihood, have ALL the words of the original autographs. In fact, we are in a situation where we have MORE than the original words. We just aren't absolutely certain which of those words belong and which ones don't.
Does that mean we cannot trust the Bible? Of course not. It simply means we have to rely all the more on God as we seek to understand it.
And, most importantly, as we look at a passage like 2 Timothy3:16:
2Ti 3:16 All Scripture is breathed out by God...
Don't forget the rest:
and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,
2Ti 3:17 that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.
Believing the Word is the Word is one thing. Living it is quite another. Don't neglect the latter.
Chris
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